Hume's views on induction: a follow-up

In our latest episode, Peter Kail addressed a popular misreading of David Hume’s views about induction—the process of inferring things about the future on the basis of facts about the past. According to this reading, Hume is a skeptic about induction. Let’s distinguish skeptical from non-skeptical views about induction like this: Skepticism about induction: we are never justified in believing things about the future on the basis of facts about the past. ...

Episode 29: Peter Kail discusses the legacy of David Hume

Subscribe to Elucidations:       Peter Kail is University Lecturer in the History of Modern Philosophy at St. Peter’s College, University of Oxford. For our belated celebration of David Hume’s 300th birthday, Prof. Kail joins us to discuss Hume’s life and philosophical legacy. You can listen to our interview with Prof. Kail by clicking here. ...

Possible Worlds Semantics

Thus far, three of our episodes (12, 25 and 28 have contained some discussion of possible worlds semantics. Most memorably, we learned in our last episode that John Searle is rather critical of the enterprise. But what is possible worlds semantics? Let’s take a look. This possible worlds business originally stems from the work of 17th-century philosopher and polymath, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Leibniz got the ball rolling on possible worlds by putting forth the idea that a statement is necessarily true just in case it is true in all possible worlds, and possibly true just in case it is true in some possible world. The idea also plays a role in his controversial view that we live in the best of all possible worlds. Leibniz was resolutely mocked for this idea in Voltaire’s Candide. ...

Episode 28: John Searle discusses human reality and basic reality

Subscribe to Elucidations:       We are pleased to present John Searle, Slusser Professor of Philosophy at the University of California, Berkeley, who joins us for a stimulating and wide ranging conversation (click here). First he gives his assessment of how the field of philosophy has changed since his time as a graduate student at Oxford in the 1950’s, charting the decline of ‘ordinary language’ philosophy and the reemergence of Metaphysics and substantive ethics. Professor Searle tells us why he lacks sympathy for contemporary philosophy’s emphasis on formal methods of analysis. These methods, he worries, lose sight of the problems that they were originally developed to solve. Consequently, it is not so much that their results are wrong as that they are unilluminating. In contrast, his interest is in giving an account of human reality (of ourselves as mindful, social, political, aesthetic, speech-act users) that is consistent with our understanding of the world as a chemical-physical system. ...

A Word or Two About Indexicality

Thus far, a number of our interviews have alluded to what philosophers of language call indexical expressions. (In particular, episodes 12, 25, and 27.) Although the theory of what these words and phrases mean represents one of the major developments in philosophy over the past fifty or so years, it can seem counterintuitive at first. Since the questions these words raise are unusually subtle and difficult, we thought it might be worthwhile to go over some of the basics. ...

Episode 27: Emma Borg discusses semantic minimalism

Subscribe to Elucidations:       Emma Borg is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Reading, and was the White Distinguished Visiting Professor of Philosophy at the University of Chicago Spring Quarter 2011. Click here to listen to our conversation with her. In linguistics and the philosophy of language, semantics is the study of literal meaning, and pragmatics is the study of implied meaning. For example, if I say ‘It’s cold in here,’ all I’m literally saying is that the temperature in the room is low. But one could imagine a situation in which I said that in order to request that someone turn on the heat. In that case, I wouldn’t literally be saying, ‘Please turn on the heat,’ but I would be implying something to that effect. Try taking a second look at most of the things you said over the past few days: you’ll be surprised to find that you rarely mean exactly what you say! ...

Episode 26: Robert Richards discusses evolutionary ethics

Subscribe to Elucidations:       Robert Richards is the Morris Fishbein Distinguished Service Professor in the History of Science, and Professor in the Departments of Medicine, Philosophy, History, Psychology, and in the Committee on Conceptual and Historical Studies of Science; and he is director of the Fishbein Center for History of Science. Click here to listen to our conversation with him. ...

Contact Us

If you have questions or comments, please email us at: elucidations at listhost dot uchicago dot edu. ...

Upcoming Episodes

COMING SOON on Elucidations: Stephanie Kapusta discusses misgendering Robin Dembroff discusses going beyond the gender binary Graham Priest discusses Buddhist metaphysics ...

Past Episodes

Previously, on Elucidations: Episode 117: Brian L. Frye says why you should plagiarize this podcast hosted by Matt Teichman and Steven Chen Episode 116: Tommy Curry discusses black male studies hosted by Matt Teichman introduction by Caroline Wall Episode 115: Katherine Ritchie discusses social groups hosted by Matt Teichman introduction by Yuezhen Li Episode 114: Sally Haslanger discusses ideology hosted by Emily Dupree and Matt Teichman Episode 113: Tom Pashby discusses quantum mechanics hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 112: Myisha Cherry discusses the skill of conversation hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 111: Greg Kobele discusses mathematical linguistics hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 110: Chike Jeffers discusses the social and political philosophy of W.E.B. Du Bois hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 109: Bonus episode on morality and politics with Matt Teichman and Toby Buckle Episode 108: Mariam Thalos discusses freedom hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 107: Linda Martín Alcoff discusses identity and history hosted by Matt Teichman and Emily Dupree Episode 106: R.A. Briggs discusses gender hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 105: R.A. Briggs discusses epistemic decision theory hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 104: Seth Yalcin discusses the question-sensitivity of belief hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 103: Brian Leiter explains why we should think about Marx hosted by Matt Teichman and Lawrence Dallman Episode 102: Josh Knobe discusses the true self hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 101: Miranda Fricker discusses blame and forgiveness hosted by Matt Teichman and Emily Dupree Episode 100: Agnes Callard discusses aspiration hosted by Matt Teichman and Ben Callard Episode 99: Steven Nadler discusses Spinoza on freedom hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 98: Jennifer Lackey discusses credibility hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 97: Meghan Sullivan discusses time biases hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 96: Nic Koziolek discusses the role of belief in reasoning hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 95: Zed Adams discusses the genealogy of color hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 94: Zsofia Zvolenszky discusses fictional names hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 93: Barry Lam discusses obligations after death hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 92: Kristie Dotson discusses epistemic oppression hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 91: Paolo Santorio discusses counterfactuals hosted by Matt Teichman and Dhananjay Jagannathan Episode 90: Ásta Sveinsdóttir discusses social construction hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 89: John Collins discusses language universals hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 88: Kent Bach discusses jumping to conclusions hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 87: Susanna Schellenberg discusses perceptual particularity hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 86: Daniel Smyth discusses photographs and their vicissitudes hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 85: Bryce Huebner discusses race and cognitive science hosted by Matt Teichman and Francey Russell Episode 84: Amanda Greene discusses the legitimacy of democracy hosted by Matt Teichman and Emily Dupree Episode 83: Bob Simpson disusses genealogical anxiety hosted by Matt Teichman and Nethanel Lipshitz Episode 82: Robert May discusses Frege and the problem of identity hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 81: Cathy Legg discusses what Peirce’s categories can do for you hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 80: Mark Hopwood discusses love and moral value hosted by Matt Teichman and Daniel Smyth Episode 79: Anthony S. Gillies discusses conditionals hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 78: Stephen Engstrom discusses the categorical imperative hosted by Matt Teichman and Francey Russell Episode 77: Mark Schroeder discusses reasons for action and belief hosted by Matt Teichman and Dhananjay Jagannathan Episode 76: Barbara Herman discusses gratitude hosted by Matt Teichman and Daniel Smyth Episode 75: Malte Willer discusses non-monotonic logic hosted by Matt Teichman and Daniel Smyth Episode 74: Christina van Dyke discusses gender and medieval mysticism hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 73: Greg Salmieri discusses Ayn Rand’s moral philosophy hosted by Matt Teichman and Dhananjay Jagannathan Episode 72: Robert May discusses pejorative expressions hosted by Matt Teichman and Emily Dupree Episode 71: Kent Schmor discusses Carnap’s Aufbau hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 70: Susan James discusses Spinoza on the good embodied life hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 69: Christel Fricke discusses Adam Smith’s theory of moral sentiment hosted by Matt Teichman and Francey Russell Episode 68: Mark Lance discusses anarchism hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 67: John Protevi discusses Darwin, disaster, and prosociality hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 66: Haim Gaifman discusses mathematical reasoning hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 65: Julian Savulescu discusses doping in sports hosted by Matt Teichman and Emily Dupree Episode 64: James Conant and Jay Elliott discuss the analytic tradition hosted by Matt Teichman and Daniel Smyth Episode 63: Michael Devitt discusses reference hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 62: Sally Sedgwick discusses Hegel’s critique of Kant hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 61: Jeff Buechner discusses Kripke and functionalism hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 60: Fabrizio Cariani shares his thoughts about oughts hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 59: Rebecca Kukla discusses reproductive risk hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 58: Stewart Shapiro discusses vagueness (part II) hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 57: Julia Annas discusses virtue ethics hosted by Matt Teichman and Dhananjay Jagannathan Episode 56: Philip Pettit discusses corporate rights and responsibilities hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 55: Branden Fitelson discusses paradoxes of consistency hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 54: Patricia Blanchette discusses Frege’s logicism hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 53: Martin Stokhof discusses formal semantics and Wittgenstein hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 52: Rafeeq Hasan discusses Rousseau on freedom and happiness hosted by Matt Teichman and Francey Russell Episode 51: Jeroen Groenendijk and Floris Roelofsen discuss inquisitive semantics hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 50: Greg Salmieri discusses the Aristotelian good life and productive work hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 49: Hans Kamp discusses discourse representation theory hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 48: Jennifer Frey discusses the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 47: Alexandru Baltag discusses the logic of knowledge hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 46: Frank Veltman discusses normality hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 45: Anubav Vasudevan discusses probability and determinism hosted by Matt Teichman and Alex Langlinais Episode 44: Joelle Proust discusses metacognition hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 43: Peter Adamson discusses the philosophy of Al Kindi hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 42: Agustín Rayo discusses the construction of logical space hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 41: David Enoch discusses metaethics hosted by Mark Hopwood and Jaime Edwards Episode 40: Johan van Benthem discusses logical dynamics hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 39: Nicholas Asher discusses the philosophy of language hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 38: Christopher Frey discusses Aristotle on living organisms and their parts hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 37: Catarina Dutilh Novaes discusses methods in philosophy hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 36: Robert van Rooij discusses vagueness hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 35: Martha Nussbaum discusses the capabilities approach hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 34: Kieran Setiya discusses moral disagreement hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 33: Daniel Sutherland discusses the philosophy of mathematics hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 32: Jennifer Lockhart discusses ignorant knowledge hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 31: Branden Fitelson discusses reasoning fallacies hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 30: Marko Malink discusses modal syllogistic hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 29: Peter Kail discusses Hume’s legacy hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 28: John Searle discusses human reality and basic reality hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 27: Emma Borg discusses semantic minimalism hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 26: Robert Richards discusses evolutionary ethics hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 25: Robert Stalnaker discusses conversational context hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 24: Christopher Peacocke discusses the perception of music hosted by Matt Teichman and Jaime Edwards Episode 23: Quassim Cassam discusses transcendental arguments hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 22: Ben Laurence discusses collective action hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 21: Raymond Geuss discusses political liberalism hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 20: Simon Critchley discusses faith hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 19: Dan Sperber discusses epistemic vigilance hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 18: Mark Lance discusses language and power hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 17: Brandon Fogel discusses mechanism and causation hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 16: Amartya Sen discusses justice hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 15: Brian Leiter discusses religious toleration hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 14: Edward Witherspoon discusses skepticism hosted by Matt Teichman Episode 13: Fabrizio Cariani discusses judgment aggregation hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 12: Jason Bridges discusses contextualism hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 11: Martin Gustafsson discusses philosophical pictures hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 10: Richard Kraut discusses goodness hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 9: Ted Cohen discusses metaphor hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 8: Chris Haufe discusses evolutionary psychology hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 7: Daniel Groll discusses nature and ethics hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 6: Jesse Prinz discusses experimental philosophy hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 5: Jocelyn Benoist discusses philosophy of perception hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 4: Martha Nussbaum discusses sexuality and the law hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 3: Brian Leiter discusses Nietzsche on morality hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 2: Gabriel Richardson Lear discusses Plato’s philosophy of poetry hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood Episode 1: Agnes Callard discusses desire and satisfaction hosted by Matt Teichman and Mark Hopwood ...